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By Krystal Hu (Reuters) -Artificial intelligence (AI) startup DualEntry has raised $90 million in a Series A round led by Lightspeed Venture Partners and Khosla Ventures to take on established enterprise resource planning (ERP) software providers, the company said. GV (Google Ventures) also participated in the round, valuing the New York-based company, launched a year ago, at $415 million. The deal underscores investor appetite for AI-driven enterprise software and for startups that have found early product-market fit. DualEntry targets a segment long dominated by Oracle's NetSuite, Sage and Acumatica. The company argues that many legacy systems rely on outdated technology, are costly to implement and often require months-long, expensive migrations that can lock in customers. Its core product is an AI-native platform designed to automate financial workflows. The startup says it enables "NextDay Migration", which can transfer a company's historical financial data from an old system to DualEntry's platform within 24 hours, a process that can otherwise take months and incur significant consulting fees. Rapid implementation is central to DualEntry's go-to-market strategy. The company is focusing on mid-market firms that have outgrown entry-level accounting software such as QuickBooks but are reluctant to undertake a large-scale migration to a traditional ERP. CEO Santiago Nestares told Reuters his own experience of attempting an ERP migration at his previous company highlighted the burden of legacy systems. The "clunky" process, he said, inspired him to build a platform that could get businesses "live in 24 hours." DualEntry said it has signed customers ranging from startups to a publicly listed company. It plans to use the new capital to expand its roughly 40-person team and speed up product development, as well as expand internationally.  Investors see AI as a key enabler in what they estimate is a $500 billion ERP market, which has largely remained unchanged since the sector shifted from on-premise to cloud-based software. Many incumbents rely on networks of third-party implementation consultants paid by the hour. The push toward automation also comes amid a looming talent crunch in the accounting industry. "It takes understanding of what this complex process of migration is and training AI technology to essentially act as the data consultants that would perform the migration to drastically accelerate the process," said Ravi Mhatre, partner at Lightspeed. (Reporting by Krystal Hu in San Francisco; Editing by Muralikumar Anantharaman)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)

By Xinghui Kok and Rae Wee SINGAPORE (Reuters) -From making predictions about a multi-trillion stablecoin market to praising U.S. President Donald Trump for his support of the crypto industry, a high-profile conference in Singapore this week added to the buoyant mood in the industry.     Around 25,000 people gathered at the two-day TOKEN2049 conference that ended on Thursday, collecting merchandise from crypto firms, while listening to speakers like the president's eldest son, Donald Trump Jr, and China-born entrepreneur Justin Sun. The annual Singapore edition of TOKEN2049 took place in the midst of a boom in Asia — total crypto transaction volume in the region grew to $2.36 trillion as of June, up from $1.4 trillion a year earlier, according to blockchain analytics firm Chainalysis. The conference also bolstered Singapore's efforts to promote itself as a global crypto hub, though a series of high-profile crashes dealt a blow to those ambitions and led authorities to tighten regulatory scrutiny. Some of the conference attendees zoomed along a zipline to get a free backpack, got airbrushed tattoos, tried out a cryotherapy chamber and played pickleball as DJs played thumping music on every floor. "When I came in this morning and I heard the music, I had chills," said Hubert Tang, a 60-year-old who works in the operations team for an investment academy in Singapore. "How can this not be the new era?" Multiple events were spun out from the conference at a five-storey convention centre in the Marina Bay Sands resort, which included more than 120 listed as parties or dinners and a fight night with some crypto industry participants facing off in a boxing ring. Nine of the parties on yachts and local nightclub Zouk were bought out for 500 conference attendees on Thursday, with the club accepting crypto payments – from bitcoin to ethereum, USDC, Tether and Binance Pay. "Secretary (Scott) Bessent with the (U.S.) Treasury predicted that the stablecoin global market cap would be above $1 trillion in the next couple of years," said former White House crypto policy executive Bo Hines, who is now CEO of Tether's newly created U.S.-based stablecoin venture. "… it's a very conservative estimate. I think it can be much greater than that." In a reversal of participants' mixed feelings about Trump's impact on the crypto industry at the TOKEN2049 conference held in Dubai in May, most panelists at the Singapore edition were optimistic about his support for the sector. Once a crypto sceptic, Trump has launched his own cryptocurrency and supported the industry with a law to create a regulatory regime for dollar-pegged cryptocurrencies that are known as stablecoins. "(President Trump) has single-handedly saved the crypto industry from people who wanted to ruin it, and he's brought crypto back to its rightful home, the United States of America," said Zach Witkoff, son of President Trump's special envoy to the Middle East Steve Witkoff, on Wednesday, sitting next to Donald Trump Jr on the stage. Witkoff and Trump Jr reiterated their bullish stance on cryptocurrencies and spoke at length about the progress that the industry has made under the Trump administration. Their comments were at times met with cheers from the floor. "I think stablecoins are going to be the thing that backfills all of these countries that used to buy U.S. Treasuries," Trump Jr said. "We're going to do that, and that's going to create and maintain the dollar hegemony that's allowed America to lead, that's allowed us to have the power over the world that has kept so many places safe, sound and strong." Ophelia Wong, who works in the food and agriculture industry, said she flew in from Hong Kong just for the event, her third time at the conference in the city-state. "Booming," said the 62-year-old, who started investing in crypto last year, when asked to describe the industry in one word. "It's an irreversible journey." (Reporting by Xinghui Kok and Rae Wee in Singapore; additional reporting by Jun Yuan Yong; Editing by Sumeet Chatterjee and Thomas Derpinghaus)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)

By Zaheer Kachwala (Reuters) -Electronic Arts' record $55 billion leveraged buyout by Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund and two other firms marks a turning point in the videogame industry, as companies look to capitalize on intellectual property through media crossovers. Despite being the largest entertainment industry in the world, the videogame market is undergoing a post-pandemic downturn as consumers rein in spending in response to higher prices, forcing companies and executives to think of other ways to leverage successful IP. One way they're doing that is through other types of media – like film and television. Acquiring EA means the company's incoming owners, Silver Lake, Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund (PIF) and Jared Kushner's Affinity Partners, get their hands on properties including "Battlefield", "Apex Legends" and "The Sims." Other companies of late have found success in translating wildly popular video games into film and television franchises, whereas in decades past, such adaptations – such as 2005's "Doom" or 2009's "Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun-Li" – often received poor reviews and stumbled at the box office. The global success of Sony's "The Last of Us" television series in 2023 spurred Hollywood studios and gaming publishers to greenlight the film and TV adaptations of popular videogame intellectual properties. Those include Amazon Prime's "Fallout" series, a new season of Riot Games' "Arcane", Warner Bros' "A Minecraft Movie", and sequels to Nintendo's "Super Mario Bros" film and the "Mortal Kombat" movie. "Call of Duty" is also expected to be adapted for the big screen in a Paramount Skydance production. EA, which is gearing up to launch the highly anticipated "Battlefield 6", already announced plans last year to partner with Amazon's MGM Studios to produce a film based on its simulation role-playing game, "The Sims". "The direction of travel is clear in the longer term, and the value of high-end video gaming IP is only increasing as players continue to concentrate engagement among fewer, more popular franchises and games," Raymond James analysts said.  PIF's gaming arm, Savvy Games Group, has bought or made major investments in other video game companies such as Take-Two Interactive and Nintendo and has also bet big on growing other entertainment sectors, having signed deals to expand cinemas in the kingdom and taking a stake in Japanese animation firm Toei Co.  "The PIF has shown heightened interest in entertainment assets with prominent positions in popular culture. I would expect them to be more focused on digital media and less on print media, or traditional film and TV delivery models like linear television and movie theaters," said Jon Wakelin, Partner at tech strategy consulting firm Altman Solon. Experts say that while paying hefty amounts to own large IP could benefit in the long run, high production and development costs could pose a financial risk if it is not deployed appropriately. For example, Swedish videogame group Embracer went on an acquisition spree over the last three to four years, buying up dozens of smaller studios and beefing up its portfolio of games. However, poor critical reviews for big titles and canceled projects hit the firm, leading to a three-way split of the company last year. "Consolidating IP during a down market has its short-term benefits, but more often than not, ends up running into inefficiencies and a devaluation," said Joost van Dreunen, games professor at NYU Stern School of Business. (Reporting by Zaheer Kachwala in Bengaluru; Editing by Pooja Desai)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)

By Xinghui Kok and Rae Wee SINGAPORE (Reuters) -From making predictions about a multi-trillion stablecoin market to praising U.S. President Donald Trump for his support of the crypto industry, a high-profile conference in Singapore this week added to the buoyant mood in the industry.     Around 25,000 people gathered at the two-day TOKEN2049 conference that ended on Thursday, collecting merchandise from crypto firms, while listening to speakers like the president's eldest son, Donald Trump Jr, and China-born entrepreneur Justin Sun. The annual Singapore edition of TOKEN2049 took place in the midst of a boom in Asia — total crypto transaction volume in the region grew to $2.36 trillion as of June, up from $1.4 trillion a year earlier, according to blockchain analytics firm Chainalysis. The conference also bolstered Singapore's efforts to promote itself as a global crypto hub, though a series of high-profile crashes dealt a blow to those ambitions and led authorities to tighten regulatory scrutiny. Some of the conference attendees zoomed along a zipline to get a free backpack, got airbrushed tattoos, tried out a cryotherapy chamber and played pickleball as DJs played thumping music on every floor. "When I came in this morning and I heard the music, I had chills," said Hubert Tang, a 60-year-old who works in the operations team for an investment academy in Singapore. "How can this not be the new era?" Multiple events were spun out from the conference at a five-storey convention centre in the Marina Bay Sands resort, which included more than 120 listed as parties or dinners and a fight night with some crypto industry participants facing off in a boxing ring. Nine of the parties on yachts and local nightclub Zouk were bought out for 500 conference attendees on Thursday, with the club accepting crypto payments – from bitcoin to ethereum, USDC, Tether and Binance Pay. "Secretary (Scott) Bessent with the (U.S.) Treasury predicted that the stablecoin global market cap would be above $1 trillion in the next couple of years," said former White House crypto policy executive Bo Hines, who is now CEO of Tether's newly created U.S.-based stablecoin venture. "… it's a very conservative estimate. I think it can be much greater than that." In a reversal of participants' mixed feelings about Trump's impact on the crypto industry at the TOKEN2049 conference held in Dubai in May, most panelists at the Singapore edition were optimistic about his support for the sector. Once a crypto sceptic, Trump has launched his own cryptocurrency and supported the industry with a law to create a regulatory regime for dollar-pegged cryptocurrencies that are known as stablecoins. "(President Trump) has single-handedly saved the crypto industry from people who wanted to ruin it, and he's brought crypto back to its rightful home, the United States of America," said Zach Witkoff, son of President Trump's special envoy to the Middle East Steve Witkoff, on Wednesday, sitting next to Donald Trump Jr on the stage. Witkoff and Trump Jr reiterated their bullish stance on cryptocurrencies and spoke at length about the progress that the industry has made under the Trump administration. Their comments were at times met with cheers from the floor. "I think stablecoins are going to be the thing that backfills all of these countries that used to buy U.S. Treasuries," Trump Jr said. "We're going to do that, and that's going to create and maintain the dollar hegemony that's allowed America to lead, that's allowed us to have the power over the world that has kept so many places safe, sound and strong." Ophelia Wong, who works in the food and agriculture industry, said she flew in from Hong Kong just for the event, her third time at the conference in the city-state. "Booming," said the 62-year-old, who started investing in crypto last year, when asked to describe the industry in one word. "It's an irreversible journey." (Reporting by Xinghui Kok and Rae Wee in Singapore; additional reporting by Jun Yuan Yong; Editing by Sumeet Chatterjee and Thomas Derpinghaus)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)

By Xinghui Kok and Rae Wee SINGAPORE (Reuters) -From making predictions about a multi-trillion stablecoin market to praising U.S. President Donald Trump for his support of the crypto industry, a high-profile conference in Singapore this week added to the buoyant mood in the industry.     Around 25,000 people gathered at the two-day TOKEN2049 conference that ended on Thursday, collecting merchandise from crypto firms, while listening to speakers like the president's eldest son, Donald Trump Jr, and China-born entrepreneur Justin Sun. The annual Singapore edition of TOKEN2049 took place in the midst of a boom in Asia — total crypto transaction volume in the region grew to $2.36 trillion as of June, up from $1.4 trillion a year earlier, according to blockchain analytics firm Chainalysis. The conference also bolstered Singapore's efforts to promote itself as a global crypto hub, though a series of high-profile crashes dealt a blow to those ambitions and led authorities to tighten regulatory scrutiny. Some of the conference attendees zoomed along a zipline to get a free backpack, got airbrushed tattoos, tried out a cryotherapy chamber and played pickleball as DJs played thumping music on every floor. "When I came in this morning and I heard the music, I had chills," said Hubert Tang, a 60-year-old who works in the operations team for an investment academy in Singapore. "How can this not be the new era?" Multiple events were spun out from the conference at a five-storey convention centre in the Marina Bay Sands resort, which included more than 120 listed as parties or dinners and a fight night with some crypto industry participants facing off in a boxing ring. Nine of the parties on yachts and local nightclub Zouk were bought out for 500 conference attendees on Thursday, with the club accepting crypto payments – from bitcoin to ethereum, USDC, Tether and Binance Pay. "Secretary (Scott) Bessent with the (U.S.) Treasury predicted that the stablecoin global market cap would be above $1 trillion in the next couple of years," said former White House crypto policy executive Bo Hines, who is now CEO of Tether's newly created U.S.-based stablecoin venture. "… it's a very conservative estimate. I think it can be much greater than that." In a reversal of participants' mixed feelings about Trump's impact on the crypto industry at the TOKEN2049 conference held in Dubai in May, most panelists at the Singapore edition were optimistic about his support for the sector. Once a crypto sceptic, Trump has launched his own cryptocurrency and supported the industry with a law to create a regulatory regime for dollar-pegged cryptocurrencies that are known as stablecoins. "(President Trump) has single-handedly saved the crypto industry from people who wanted to ruin it, and he's brought crypto back to its rightful home, the United States of America," said Zach Witkoff, son of President Trump's special envoy to the Middle East Steve Witkoff, on Wednesday, sitting next to Donald Trump Jr on the stage. Witkoff and Trump Jr reiterated their bullish stance on cryptocurrencies and spoke at length about the progress that the industry has made under the Trump administration. Their comments were at times met with cheers from the floor. "I think stablecoins are going to be the thing that backfills all of these countries that used to buy U.S. Treasuries," Trump Jr said. "We're going to do that, and that's going to create and maintain the dollar hegemony that's allowed America to lead, that's allowed us to have the power over the world that has kept so many places safe, sound and strong." Ophelia Wong, who works in the food and agriculture industry, said she flew in from Hong Kong just for the event, her third time at the conference in the city-state. "Booming," said the 62-year-old, who started investing in crypto last year, when asked to describe the industry in one word. "It's an irreversible journey." (Reporting by Xinghui Kok and Rae Wee in Singapore; additional reporting by Jun Yuan Yong; Editing by Sumeet Chatterjee and Thomas Derpinghaus)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)

AMSTERDAM (Reuters) -A Dutch court on Thursday ordered Meta Platforms to offer users of its Facebook and Instagram platforms simpler options for a timeline that is not based on profiling. The court said parts of the design of both platforms were not in line with the European Union's Digital Services Act. It gave Meta two weeks to offer users a "direct and simple" way to opt out of a timeline with recommended content. Meta did not immediately reply to a request for comment. (Reporting by Bart Meijer, Editing by Louise Heavens)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)

AMSTERDAM (Reuters) -A Dutch court on Thursday ordered Meta Platforms to provide Facebook and Instagram users with simpler options for a timeline that does not rely on profiling. The court said elements of the design of both platforms were not in line with the European Union's Digital Services Act. It gave Meta two weeks to offer users a "direct and simple" way to opt out of a timeline with recommended content. It also ruled that users' choices for a chronological or other non-profiled timeline must remain in effect. The court said the platforms’ current practice of automatically reverting to a profiled timeline whenever the app or website is closed constitutes a prohibited "dark pattern" and infringes on the right to freedom of information. "People in the Netherlands are not sufficiently able to make free and autonomous choices about the use of profiled recommendation systems," the court said. The court said these choices were also important in light of the general election in the Netherlands on October 29. META TO APPEAL A spokesperson for Meta said the company will appeal the ruling. "We introduced substantial changes to our systems to meet our regulatory obligations under the DSA (EU's Digital Services Act), and notified users in the Netherlands about how they can use our tools to experience our platforms without personalisation," she said. The company said the issue is a matter for the European Commission and regulators at the European levels and not for courts in individual countries. "Proceedings like this threaten the digital single market and the harmonized regulatory regime that should underpin it," she said. Bits of Freedom, the Dutch digital rights group that brought the case, said the ruling made clear that Meta must respect user preferences. "It is unacceptable that a few American tech billionaires can determine how we view the world," its spokesperson Maartje Knaap said. (Reporting by Bart Meijer, additional reporting by Inti Landauro, Editing by Louise Heavens and GV De Clercq)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)

By Zaheer Kachwala (Reuters) -Electronic Arts' record $55-billion leveraged buyout by Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund and two other firms marks a turning point in the videogame industry, as companies look to capitalize on intellectual property through media crossovers. Despite being the largest entertainment industry in the world, the videogame market is undergoing a post-pandemic downturn as consumers rein in spending in response to higher prices, forcing companies and executives to think of other ways to leverage successful IP. One way they're doing that is through other types of media – like film and television. Acquiring EA means the company's incoming owners, Silver Lake, Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund (PIF) and Jared Kushner's Affinity Partners, get their hands on properties including "Battlefield", "Apex Legends" and "The Sims." Other companies of late have found success in translating wildly popular video games into film and television franchises, whereas in decades past, such adaptations – such as 2005's "Doom" or 2009's "Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun-Li" – often received poor reviews and stumbled at the box office. The global success of Sony's "The Last of Us" television series in 2023 spurred Hollywood studios and gaming publishers to greenlight the film and TV adaptations of popular videogame intellectual properties. Those include Amazon Prime's "Fallout" series, a new season of Riot Games' "Arcane", Warner Bros' "A Minecraft Movie", and sequels to Nintendo's "Super Mario Bros" film and the "Mortal Kombat" movie. "Call of Duty" is also expected to be adapted for the big screen in a Paramount Skydance production. EA already announced plans last year to partner with Amazon's MGM Studios to produce a film based on its simulation role-playing game, "The Sims". "The direction of travel is clear in the longer term, and the value of high-end video gaming IP is only increasing as players continue to concentrate engagement among fewer, more popular franchises and games," Raymond James analysts said.  PIF's gaming arm, Savvy Games Group, has bought or made major investments in other video game companies such as Take-Two Interactive and Nintendo and has also bet big on growing other entertainment sectors, having signed deals to expand cinemas in the kingdom and taking a stake in Japanese animation firm Toei Co.  "The PIF has shown heightened interest in entertainment assets with prominent positions in popular culture. I would expect them to be more focused on digital media and less on print media, or traditional film and TV delivery models like linear television and movie theaters," said Jon Wakelin, Partner at tech strategy consulting firm Altman Solon. Experts say that while paying hefty amounts to own large IP could benefit in the long run, high production and development costs could pose a financial risk if it is not deployed appropriately. For example, Swedish videogame group Embracer went on an acquisition spree over the last three to four years, buying up dozens of smaller studios and beefing up its portfolio of games. However, poor critical reviews for big titles and canceled projects hit the firm, leading to a three-way split of the company last year. "Consolidating IP during a down market has its short-term benefits, but more often than not, ends up running into inefficiencies and a devaluation," said Joost van Dreunen, games professor at NYU Stern School of Business. (Reporting by Zaheer Kachwala in Bengaluru; Editing by Pooja Desai)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)

By Zaheer Kachwala (Reuters) -Electronic Arts' record $55-billion leveraged buyout by Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund and two other firms marks a turning point in the videogame industry, as companies look to capitalize on intellectual property through media crossovers. Despite being the largest entertainment industry in the world, the videogame market is undergoing a post-pandemic downturn as consumers rein in spending in response to higher prices, forcing companies and executives to think of other ways to leverage successful IP. One way they're doing that is through other types of media – like film and television. Acquiring EA means the company's incoming owners, Silver Lake, Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund (PIF) and Jared Kushner's Affinity Partners, get their hands on properties including "Battlefield", "Apex Legends" and "The Sims." Other companies of late have found success in translating wildly popular video games into film and television franchises, whereas in decades past, such adaptations – such as 2005's "Doom" or 2009's "Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun-Li" – often received poor reviews and stumbled at the box office. The global success of Sony's "The Last of Us" television series in 2023 spurred Hollywood studios and gaming publishers to greenlight the film and TV adaptations of popular videogame intellectual properties. Those include Amazon Prime's "Fallout" series, a new season of Riot Games' "Arcane", Warner Bros' "A Minecraft Movie", and sequels to Nintendo's "Super Mario Bros" film and the "Mortal Kombat" movie. "Call of Duty" is also expected to be adapted for the big screen in a Paramount Skydance production. EA already announced plans last year to partner with Amazon's MGM Studios to produce a film based on its simulation role-playing game, "The Sims". "The direction of travel is clear in the longer term, and the value of high-end video gaming IP is only increasing as players continue to concentrate engagement among fewer, more popular franchises and games," Raymond James analysts said.  PIF's gaming arm, Savvy Games Group, has bought or made major investments in other video game companies such as Take-Two Interactive and Nintendo and has also bet big on growing other entertainment sectors, having signed deals to expand cinemas in the kingdom and taking a stake in Japanese animation firm Toei Co.  "The PIF has shown heightened interest in entertainment assets with prominent positions in popular culture. I would expect them to be more focused on digital media and less on print media, or traditional film and TV delivery models like linear television and movie theaters," said Jon Wakelin, Partner at tech strategy consulting firm Altman Solon. Experts say that while paying hefty amounts to own large IP could benefit in the long run, high production and development costs could pose a financial risk if it is not deployed appropriately. For example, Swedish videogame group Embracer went on an acquisition spree over the last three to four years, buying up dozens of smaller studios and beefing up its portfolio of games. However, poor critical reviews for big titles and canceled projects hit the firm, leading to a three-way split of the company last year. "Consolidating IP during a down market has its short-term benefits, but more often than not, ends up running into inefficiencies and a devaluation," said Joost van Dreunen, games professor at NYU Stern School of Business. (Reporting by Zaheer Kachwala in Bengaluru; Editing by Pooja Desai)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)

AMSTERDAM (Reuters) -A Dutch court on Thursday ordered Meta Platforms to provide Facebook and Instagram users with simpler options for a timeline that does not rely on profiling. The court said elements of the design of both platforms were not in line with the European Union's Digital Services Act. It gave Meta two weeks to offer users a "direct and simple" way to opt out of a timeline with recommended content. It also ruled that users' choices for a chronological or other non-profiled timeline must remain in effect. The court said the platforms’ current practice of automatically reverting to a profiled timeline whenever the app or website is closed constitutes a prohibited "dark pattern" and infringes on the right to freedom of information. "People in the Netherlands are not sufficiently able to make free and autonomous choices about the use of profiled recommendation systems," the court said. The court said these choices were also important in light of the general election in the Netherlands on October 29. Meta did not immediately respond to a request for comment. Bits of Freedom, the Dutch digital rights group that brought the case, said the ruling made clear that Meta must respect user preferences. "It is unacceptable that a few American tech billionaires can determine how we view the world," its spokesperson Maartje Knaap said. (Reporting by Bart Meijer, additional reporting by Inti Landauro, Editing by Louise Heavens)

(The article has been published through a syndicated feed. Except for the headline, the content has been published verbatim. Liability lies with original publisher.)